Madara Uchiha could be an antagonist as well. Even if they travel back to a time before his grand plans were fully in motion, he would still be a very powerful and dangerous foe. He might sense that Naruto and Shikamaru are from the future and try to use their knowledge for his own purposes, or simply eliminate them if they stand in his way.
It really depends on the specific fanfiction. However, it could be that they travel back to a time when Orochimaru was at his most devious, so he would be a main antagonist. His experiments and thirst for power could pose a great threat to Naruto and Shikamaru's mission in the past.
Well, it could be Orochimaru. Even if they travel in time, Orochimaru's thirst for power and knowledge might make him an antagonist. He could see Sasuke and Shikamaru as threats to his plans, especially if they are trying to change the past which might interfere with his own schemes.
Maybe some of the historical villains who were thought to be dead. If Naruto and Tenten's time travel disrupts the natural flow of time, it could bring back villains like Orochimaru in his prime or some ancient evil ninja clans that were long forgotten. They would see Naruto and Tenten as threats to their re - emerging power.
Danzo could also be a common antagonist. He was very power - hungry and had his own dark secrets. In a time - travel scenario, he might view Kakashi and Naruto as threats to his control over the Hidden Leaf Village in the past. He could try to eliminate them to maintain his grip on power.
Often, Orochimaru can be a main antagonist. Since he has his own devious plans in the Naruto universe, in a time - travel scenario, he might oppose Naruto and Tsunade's attempts to change things for the better. He could be trying to use the time - travel chaos to his own advantage, like stealing forbidden jutsu from different eras.
In some versions, Orochimaru could be a main antagonist. Since he has his own devious plans and is always looking for power, Naruto and Ino might have to deal with him all over again as they travel back in time. He could be trying to interfere with their attempts to change the past.
Often, Orochimaru can still be a main antagonist. Even in a time - travel scenario, his thirst for power and immortality doesn't change. He might oppose Naruto and Tsunade's attempts to change the past as it could disrupt his own plans for power.
One potential antagonist could be Orochimaru. If Naruto and Temari travel back to a time when Orochimaru was at the height of his power and evil plans, he would surely oppose them. He might see their knowledge of the future as a threat to his schemes to gain immortality and power over the ninja world.
The other shinobi villages might also be antagonists. If Naruto's village is seen as a threat because of his power, they could target him. This would make Naruto angry as he's being attacked for no good reason other than fear. Their actions against him and his village could lead him to a darker state as he has to fight back against these external threats.
Sasuke could potentially be an antagonist. Even though they were friends before, Sasuke might see Naruto's new fused power as a threat to his own goals or ideals. He could challenge Naruto, thinking that Naruto's power is getting out of hand. Another could be some remnants of the Akatsuki. They might be interested in Naruto's new power and try to either steal it or use it for their own evil purposes.