In terms of characteristics, literature may have a more formal or academic aspect in some cases. For instance, some literary works are studied in academic settings for their language use, structure, and historical context. Fiction, in general, is more accessible and focused on the plot and characters. Novels like 'Harry Potter' are great examples of fiction. They are mainly about the fictional world of wizards and magic, but they also have some literary value. But compared to a complex piece of literature like James Joyce's 'Ulysses', they are much more straightforward in terms of the reading experience.
One key difference is that literature can be both fact - based and fictional, while fiction is strictly made - up. For example, a historical novel is a form of fiction but it may draw on real historical events which are part of literature in a broader sense.
Literature often has a more complex set of purposes. It can be used to convey moral lessons, cultural values, or historical information. Fiction, while it can also do these things to an extent, is more centered around the creation of a fictional narrative. Consider 'To Kill a Mockingbird' which is a work of fiction but also a piece of literature that tackles important social issues. However, a simple fictional love story may not have as many layers of meaning as some other forms of literature.
Fiction typically has a more developed and often complex plot structure. It might involve sub - plots and a long - term character arc. A story could be much simpler in its plot. Fiction also often has a more distinct genre classification like science fiction or romance. A story can be more of a general narrative without being firmly in a genre. For example, a family story shared at a gathering may not fit into a specific genre.
Truth in literature often reflects real - world experiences, facts, and historical events. Fiction, on the other hand, is created from the author's imagination. For instance, a historical novel may be based on real events but include fictional characters and dialogue.
In a true story, the plot development is often based on real events and their natural progression. There's less room for extreme coincidence or overly convenient plot twists. For example, in a true crime story, the investigation unfolds as evidence is discovered and witnesses are interviewed. In fiction, plot twists can be more extreme and created for the sake of entertainment. The author has the freedom to manipulate the plot to create suspense or surprise. A fictional detective might suddenly discover a crucial clue in the most unexpected place just to keep the reader on their toes.
The short story structure can be quite elaborate. It might start with setting the scene, introducing characters over a few paragraphs or pages, and then gradually leading to the main conflict. The climax can be a major turning point, and the ending can be more conclusive. Flash fiction, however, is more about immediacy. It might start right in the middle of the action or with a strong statement. Since it's so short, it doesn't have the luxury of a long - winded structure. It's like a mini - explosion of a story, getting straight to the point and leaving a quick but strong impact.
The content of a novel is centered around creating an immersive fictional world. It often has a plot that keeps you hooked, with characters that you get to know intimately. A book's content can be very different. It could be academic, like a study on ancient civilizations. So, in terms of content, a novel is more about fictional storytelling, while a book can cover a vast range of topics from the real world as well as the fictional realm.
Novels mainly contain fictional stories. They are centered around characters, their growth, and the events that unfold in a made - up world. Books can have non - fictional content like historical facts, scientific theories, etc. For instance, a history book will present real events and figures, which is very different from a novel's fictional plot.
In terms of structure, a novel usually has a more complex and multi - layered structure. It can have multiple plotlines that intertwine. A short story has a simpler structure, often centered around one main plot. For example, a novel might have a main plot about a detective solving a crime and several sub - plots about the detective's personal life. A short story would mainly focus on just the crime - solving aspect.
In narrative, short stories are often more concise. They get to the point quickly. Novellas can be more drawn - out, with a more elaborate narrative arc.
A novel is often more straightforward in terms of readability. Since it's a single work, you can get into the story and finish it without having to keep track of multiple plots across different books. For example, if you pick up a simple love story novel, you can read it from start to finish without interruption. A series book can be a bit more complex. You need to remember the events and characters from previous books in the series to fully understand the current one. It's like following a long - running TV show where you need to know what happened before to get the new episodes.
The plot in a novel is often more elaborate. It can span a great deal of time and space. Novels can have a lot of plot twists and turns. A long story's plot is generally more linear. It may not have as many surprises or changes in direction. Novels may also introduce new plot elements throughout the story, while long stories tend to stick to a more consistent and focused plot from the beginning to the end.