Lu Xun's work, New Stories, was a novel that presented ancient Chinese folktales in a humorous way. It mainly showed Lu Xun's thoughts and reflections on Chinese traditional culture and history through the reinterpretation and rewrite of ancient folktales. In New Stories, Lu Xun used a large number of satirical and critical techniques to deeply reveal and accuse the corruption, darkness and distortion of human nature in ancient Chinese society. At the same time, Lu Xun also integrated modern ideas and culture into the story, and explored the essence and significance of human civilization by comparing the development and changes of ancient and modern human society. The stories in "New Stories" had their own unique features, twists and turns, humorous language, and fascinating. One of the most famous stories was The True Story of Ah Q. Lu Xun deeply revealed the class contradictions and twisted human nature in Chinese society at that time by depicting Ah Q, a typical bottom-level character. It attracted widespread attention and reflection. Lu Xun's work New Stories is a classic work full of ideology and cultural content. Through the reinterpretation and rewrite of ancient Chinese folktales, it shows Lu Xun's deep thinking and reflection on Chinese traditional culture and history, which has a profound impact on the development of modern Chinese culture.