In the history of Chinese literature, prose played a very important role and was an indispensable part. Prose is a high degree of freedom, flexible form, not bound to specific style-based norms, according to different topics and styles can be freely developed. In the history of Chinese literature, prose, as one of the literary forms, has a long history and rich expressiveness. As early as the pre-Qin period, there was already the figure of prose. After the Han Dynasty, prose gradually became one of the main forms of literature. Together with poetry and novels, it constituted the main components of ancient Chinese literature. Prose was also a very important literary form in modern Chinese literature. Lu Xun's "Madman's Diary","The True Story of Ah Q" and other novels were typical prose works that showed the characteristics and style of modern Chinese literature through meticulous descriptions and vivid imagination. In contemporary Chinese literature, the forms of prose are more diverse, including diary, essay, prose, communication, etc. Prose can not only express personal feelings and experiences, but also reflect social reality and express the wishes and aspirations of the people. The prose in the history of Chinese literature plays an important role in the history of Chinese literature. It not only provides rich forms and materials for literary creation, but also provides a window for readers to understand modern Chinese literature.