Qian Zhongshu's representative work was called the New Scholar's Outer History. This was a novel describing the life of an intellectual in the late Qing Dynasty. It told the story of a literati named Qian Mocun, who suffered all kinds of difficulties and setbacks in an environment of political corruption and cultural isolation, but eventually maintained his independent thoughts and spiritual freedom. The novel was widely regarded as an excellent literary work that described traditional Chinese culture and social reality. It had important reference value for understanding the evolution of modern Chinese culture and society.