Lu Xun and Shen Congwen are both famous local novels in China. There are some similarities and differences in their creation as follows: Lu Xun's local novels used the bottom-level characters and farmers in Chinese society as the theme to describe their living conditions, psychological conditions and living difficulties, revealing the dark side of Chinese society and the suffering of the people at that time. Lu Xun's local novels were full of criticism and reflection on social reality as well as exploration and reflection on human nature. Shen Congwen's local novels, on the other hand, paid more attention to the description of local customs and practices. Taking Jiangnan Water Town as an example, he described the local beauty, folk customs, dialect, habits, etc. At the same time, he also integrated the concern of human nature to show the complexity and variety of human nature. Shen Congwen's local novels were full of reverence and love for local culture and history. Although Lu Xun and Shen Congwen's writing direction was different, they both deeply reflected the reality of Chinese society and the lives of the people at that time, leaving us with precious literary wealth.