Why are novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties mainly in the form of long chapters? Let's talk about the development history of the second chapter
The novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties were mainly in the form of long chapters because the readers of novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties were mainly feudal rulers and scholar-bureaucrats. They had strict requirements for the format and content of reading. In traditional culture, long chapters were a literary form that was in line with feudal etiquette and traditional cultural habits. Therefore, most novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties adopted this literary form. The history of the two-chapter style can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty, but it was officially formed and popular in the Song Dynasty. During the Song Dynasty, the Zhanghui style was called the " Zhanghui novel ". It was a literary work that used chapters as a unit. In the Ming Dynasty, the development of the Zhanghui novel became more mature and began to be popular among the upper class of society. During the Ming Dynasty, the length of the novel gradually increased, and the number of words gradually increased to become a more complicated literary work. 3. In the development of the Ming and Qing novels, the form of the chapter was influenced by traditional culture and feudal etiquette. In the Song Dynasty, the number of chapters in a novel was usually 120 or 160 chapters. In the Ming Dynasty, the number of chapters gradually extended to more than 300 chapters. In the Ming Dynasty, the structure of the novel was more complicated. It was often intertwined with narration, description, and discussion to form a unique literary form. The Ming and Qing Dynasties 'Zhanghui novels became one of the most influential literary works in Chinese literary history. These novels were not only numerous but also of high quality, including classic works such as "Dream of the Red Chamber","Journey to the West","Water Margins", etc. Zhanghui-style novels have an important position in the history of Chinese literature and have become an important part of Chinese culture.
Why are novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties dominated by chapters?
The novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties were mainly in the form of chapters because the creation of novels at that time was mainly popular in the feudal society. As a form of literature, novels were also influenced by feudal culture. Chapter is a traditional Chinese literary genre. Each chapter ends with a four-line poem, and each chapter usually includes 80 to 120 chapters. Each chapter is divided into four lines to form a chapter narrative structure. This kind of structure was not only in line with the narrative habits of ancient Chinese novels, but also convenient for the author to arrange chapters and chapters according to the development of the plot to maintain the cohesiveness and integrity of the novel. In addition, the structure of the chapter also had clear plot clues and character relationships, which made it easy for the author to narrate and describe. There was a certain interval between each chapter, so readers could better grasp the plot development and character changes of the novel. At the same time, it was also beneficial for the author to insert necessary descriptions and lyricism between the chapters to enhance the artistic appeal of the novel. The novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties were mainly in the form of chapters, which was not only influenced by traditional culture, but also in line with the basic rules of novel creation and the reading needs of readers.
The novels of the Qing and Ming Dynasties generally adopted the form of chapter novels, such as
The novels of the Qing and Ming Dynasties generally adopted the form of chapter novels, such as Dream of the Red Chamber and Water Margins. Chapter novels are a form of literature, usually composed of dozens of independent chapters, each of which contains an independent story. In chapter novels, each chapter is usually presented in the form of a title or short sentence, and each story is usually presented in the form of a chapter, namely "the first chapter","the second chapter","the third chapter", etc. This form of literature was usually used to tell stories about history, legends, and romance. The stories in each chapter were relatively independent but interconnected to form a complete story system. In the Qing and Ming Dynasties, the form of chapter novels was widely used. These novels usually contained dozens of chapters, each of which contained a separate story. These stories were usually related to history, legends, romance, and other topics. The stories in each chapter were relatively independent but interconnected to form a complete story system. This literary form not only provided a rich form and structure for the creation of the novel, but also provided sufficient space for the content and plot of the novel.
The reason for the development of novels in Ming and Qing Dynasties
The development of novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties was influenced by many factors. 1. Social change: During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Chinese society experienced tremendous changes in politics, economy, culture, and other aspects. These changes gave birth to a new form of literature, the novel. The novel, with its strong narrative, large capacity, rich means of expression and other characteristics, can meet the needs of readers in many aspects and become an important literary form to express social change and people's lives. 2. Cultural prosperity: During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, China's cultural prosperity reached a new peak, including literature, art, philosophy and other fields. As a form of literature, novels were also influenced by cultural prosperity. The creative team expanded their creative topics and produced many innovative works. 3. The rise of novel schools: During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, many novel schools appeared, such as the Four Great Masterpieces, Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio, Dream of the Red Chamber, etc. Each of these schools had its own characteristics, which not only provided rich choices for novel creation, but also provided readers with different reading experiences. 4. The needs of readers: During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the needs of readers became increasingly diverse. They not only needed literary works for entertainment, but also needed to obtain knowledge and cultural information from the works. As an important literary form, novels could satisfy the needs of readers in many aspects, so they were widely welcomed and created. To sum up, the development of novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties was due to many factors, including social change, cultural prosperity, the rise of novel schools and the needs of readers. The interaction of these reasons pushed forward the continuous development and prosperity of the novel.
The reason for the development of novels in Ming and Qing Dynasties
The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the peak period of the development of Chinese novels. The main reasons for its development were as follows: 1. Changes in social background: During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, China's social politics, economy, culture and other aspects had undergone tremendous changes. These changes provided a broad background and material for the development of novels. 2. The demand for literary creation: During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with the end of the feudal society and the development of the commodity economy, people's demand for literary works also increased. 3. The rise of novel schools: In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were many different novel schools, such as classical novels, detective novels, love novels, etc. The rise of these schools also provided different topics and styles for the development of novels. 4. The development of literary criticism: During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, literary criticism gradually took shape, and it carried out in-depth discussions and criticisms on the literary form, theme, and ideas of the novel. These criticisms also provided theoretical support for the development of the novel. To sum up, the development of Chinese novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties was inseparable from the changes in social background, the needs of literary creation, the rise of novel schools, and the development of literary criticism.
The development and characteristics of novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties
The novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties were an important period in the history of Chinese literature. The development of novels in this period showed many unique characteristics. The development of novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties had gone through three stages: the first stage was the emergence of classic works such as Dream of the Red Chamber and Journey to the West. The second stage was the popularity of classic works such as Water Margins and Romance of the Three Kingdoms. The third stage was the rise of online literature. In the first stage, the novel creation gradually changed from the traditional narrative method to realism and romanticism. It represented that "Dream of the Red Chamber" used the illusory "illusory world" as the framework to show the rise and fall of the feudal family and profoundly reflected the various drawbacks of the feudal society. Journey to the West, on the other hand, reflected the pursuit of freedom, justice, and faith of the ancient Chinese people through the adventures of the main characters such as Sun Wukong. In the second stage, the creation of novels paid more attention to popularity and popularity. On behalf of the Water Margins and Romance of the Three Kingdoms, these works used historical events and the history of the Three Kingdoms period as the background to popularise the customs, culture, and historical knowledge of ancient society with vivid characters and plots. In the third stage, the rise of online literature became a new literary genre. Online literature is a new form of literature. It uses the Internet as a platform to spread through the network platform with the characteristics of opening, interaction and innovation. On behalf of " Battle Through the Heavens "," Martial World " and other works, not only had wonderful storylines and unique artistic styles, but they also reflected the lifestyle and values of contemporary young people. The development of novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties presented unique characteristics, which not only reflected the reality of the society at that time, but also provided important reference and enlightenment for later literary creation.
Why was the main body of novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties the novels about the canal basin? What was the influence of the canal culture on the development of novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties?
The main body of novels in Ming and Qing Dynasties was about the canal basin because the canal basin was one of the economic and cultural centers of ancient China and also the main area where the canal flowed through. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the canal became the economic and cultural link connecting the south and the north. The economy, culture and population of the canal basin developed rapidly and prospered, which also provided rich topics and materials for the creation of novels. The canal culture had a profound influence on the development of novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The canal culture is a cultural tradition with deep historical origins and cultural heritage. It forms a unique artistic style and human spirit through the practice and inheritance of the canal navigation, trade, culture, art and other aspects. Under the influence of the canal culture, the creation of novels in the Ming and Qing Dynasties was also affected. A large number of characters describing the canal, ships, merchants, craftsmen and so on appeared in the novels, reflecting the social reality and people's lives under the background of the canal culture. The canal culture also influenced the narrative style and plot structure of the novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the canal culture, people often reflect the social reality through the characters such as boatmen, sailors, merchants, etc. These characters often have distinct personality characteristics and rich life experiences, which provide important material and plot structure for the creation of novels. At the same time, the way of narration in the canal culture has also changed. The traditional way of narration is usually based on the order of historical events. In the canal culture, the way of narration is more flexible, often reflecting social reality and historical development through the interaction between characters. In short, the canal culture is an important source of creation and cultural background of the Ming and Qing novels. It has a profound impact on the development of the Ming and Qing novels. It not only promoted the richness of the characters and plot structure in the novel, but also affected the narrative style and narrative style of the novel.
Jin Yong's novels were mainly about the Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing Dynasties. Why were there no novels about the Han and Tang Dynasties?
Mr. Jin Yong's martial arts novels were mainly written between 1940 and 1990, covering the Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. In his novels, there were stories from the Song, Yuan, and Ming Dynasties, such as The Legend of the Condor Heroes, The Return of the Condor Heroes, The Eight Dragons, and The Swordsman. However, Mr. Jin Yong's novels were not all. He also created some novels with other topics, such as the historical novel "The Deer and the Cauldron" and the science fiction novel "The Sword of Yue Woman". In addition, Mr. Jin Yong also had some other works such as "Book Sword Gratitude and Revenge Record" and "Blue Blood Sword". These works did not involve topics such as the change of dynasties and political struggles. Mr. Jin Yong's novels covered many dynasties and historical periods, but his works were mainly concentrated in the Song Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty and Ming Dynasty.
The reason for the economic development in the Ming and Qing Dynasties
The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the later period of China's feudal society and also an important period in China's economic history. There were several reasons for economic development: 1. The development of agricultural economy: During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, China's agricultural production had been further developed and the output and quality of agricultural products had been significantly improved. The agricultural production gradually stabilized and provided sufficient supply of agricultural products for economic development. 2. The development of the handicraft industry: During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the handicraft industry became one of the main industries of the economy, including the textile, paper making, pottery, shoe making, paper making, pharmaceutical and other industries. The production techniques and processes of these industries were improved and developed, improving production efficiency and quality, and made important contributions to economic development. 3. Commercial development: During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, commercial activities gradually rose, markets and trade networks gradually expanded, the number of merchants and shops increased, and the prosperity of commercial activities provided financial support for economic development. 4. Construction of traffic and water facilities: During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, China carried out many large-scale construction of traffic and water facilities, including the construction of canals, roads, water conservancy projects, etc. The construction and improvement of these facilities promoted the exchange and transportation of materials and provided convenience for economic development. 5. The support of policies: During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the government adopted various measures to promote economic development, including strengthening taxation, strengthening the management of commerce and crafts, strengthening the management of land and property, and implementing the "Silk Road" policy. The implementation of these policies was conducive to economic development and social stability.
The development of commodity economy in the Ming and Qing Dynasties
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the development of China's commodity economy was very prosperous. During this period, China's economy experienced a transition from a feudal society to a capitalist society, and the commodity economy gradually matured. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the development of commodity economy in southern and northern China was different. In the south, especially in Jiangnan and Fujian, because of the convenient terrain, developed commerce and large scale of trade, a relatively complete commodity economy system was formed, and many famous commercial cities such as Suzhou, Hangzhou, Nanjing, etc. appeared. The rise of these cities not only promoted the development of the local economy, but also promoted the development of the entire commodity economy. Although the northern regions, especially the central plains, were relatively developed, they were slightly inferior to the southern regions in terms of scale and degree. During this period, the agricultural economy in the northern region developed rapidly. Many agricultural products and handicraft products were oversupplied, so the development of the commodity economy was relatively lagging behind. In addition to the south and north, there were also some new areas of development in the Chinese economy during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as foreign trade, salt industry, textile industry, etc. The development of these fields provided new channels and motivation for the development of the commodity economy. In general, the development of China's commodity economy during the Ming and Qing Dynasties was very prosperous. It not only promoted the development of China's economy, but also made an important contribution to the development of the world economy.
History on Chang 'an Ming and Qing Dynasties
Some information about the Ming and Qing volumes of Chang 'an. The author of this book was Wang Haoyuan, and it was published by Xi'an Press. It was published in 2018, with the number 9787554128992. This book had relevant information on the Confucius old book website and Douban. However, the search results did not provide enough information about the book's content and reviews. Therefore, I am not clear about the content and evaluation of the Ming and Qing volumes of Chang 'an.