The modern Chinese novel began in the early 20th century and matured in the 1930s to 1950s. At the beginning of the 20th century, modern Chinese novels began to sprout. The representative figures were Lu Xun, Mao Dun, Lao She, etc. Their works reflected the political, economic, and cultural reality of the society at that time. They explored human nature, society, history, and other issues, creating a precedent for modern Chinese novels. The 1930s was the period when Chinese novels matured. Many outstanding novelists such as Yang Jiang, Qian Zhongshu, Shen Congwen, etc. appeared during this period. Their works focused on the characters, deeply revealed the complexity and contradiction of human nature, and demonstrated the artistic charm and depth of modern Chinese novels. Among them, Qian Zhongshu's Fortress Besieged was considered a classic of modern Chinese novels, and Yang Jiang's Bathing was also one of the representative works of this period. These works not only reflected the social reality at that time, but also demonstrated the achievements and level of modern Chinese novels.
One of the signs of the maturity of Chinese classical novels was the emergence of the concept of "Four Great Masterpieces". These four novels were Dream of the Red Chamber, Journey to the West, Water Margins, and Romance of the Three Kingdoms. They had a very high status and influence in Chinese classical novels and were regarded as the milestone works of Chinese classical novels. These four novels all depicted rich characters and plots, showing the essence of Chinese traditional culture and thought. Their plots were full of thrills and suspense, but they also showed deep human thinking and moral values. These novels had unique styles and characteristics such as delicate emotional descriptions, vivid characters, magnificent language, etc. The emergence of the four masterpieces marked the golden age of Chinese classical novels, which provided important reference and enlightenment for later literary creation. At the same time, they also created a lot of Chinese classical novels, such as the method of describing characters, the skill of plot design, the variety of narrative methods, etc. They played an important role in promoting the development and prosperity of Chinese literature.
The classic classic Chinese novel was " Dream of the Red Chamber ". 'Dream of the Red Chamber' was considered a classic novel in the Qing Dynasty. The novel depicted the rise and fall of a wealthy family with the rise and fall of the four families of Jia, Shi, Wang and Xue as the main line. Through the description of the main characters such as Jia Baoyu, Lin Daiyu and Xue Baochai, it showed the richness of human nature and the complexity of society. It was hailed as a classic in the history of Chinese literature.
The maturity of modern Chinese novels was marked by a series of new literary movements formed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, including the works of Lu Xun, Mao Dun, Lao She, Ba Jin, Ernest, Mo Yan and others. The common feature of these works was that they emphasized social criticism, human nature exploration, and realism, reflecting the development of modern Chinese literature. From the 1920s, modern Chinese novels entered a prosperous period, with many outstanding writers such as Lao She, Cao Yu, Zhao Shuli, Shen Congwen, etc. These works reflected the real life as the theme, focusing on realism and the spirit of humanity, showing the prosperity of modern Chinese literature. From the 1930s to the 1950s, modern Chinese novels experienced another important development. A group of influential and important people appeared, such as Zhang Ailing, Yang Jiang, Qian Zhongshu, Su Manshu, etc. These works used women as the theme to show the awareness of gender equality in modern Chinese literature, and also reflected the political, economic, and cultural conditions of the society at that time. After the 1960s, the development of modern Chinese novels entered a new stage, and a new group of people appeared, such as Jia Pingwa, Mo Yan, Yu Hua, Wang Xiaobo, etc. These works focused on personal experience and spiritual exploration, reflecting the new development of modern Chinese culture and thought with modern thoughts and realism as the theme. Generally speaking, the development of modern Chinese novels has experienced many ups and downs and changes, but it has always adhered to the realism and humanist literary creation concept, showing the unique charm and style of modern Chinese literature.
The maturity of ancient Chinese novels was marked by the appearance of Dream of the Red Chamber. 'Dream of the Red Chamber' was considered the pinnacle of ancient Chinese novels in the Qing Dynasty. Its maturity was mainly manifested in the following aspects: 1. Rich character images and story plots: In Dream of the Red Chamber, there are a large number of characters, such as noble gentlemen, eunuchs, maids, servants, etc. There are also civilians, knight-errant, scholars, etc. These characters have their own characteristics, full and real. At the same time," Dream of the Red Chamber " also depicted a rich storyline, including the rise and fall of the family, the entanglements of marriage, the emotional entanglements between the characters, and so on. The plot was complicated and full of drama and mystery. 2. Unique narrative style: "Dream of the Red Chamber" adopted the narrative technique of "simulating the world", which reflected the various shortcomings of feudal society by simulating the description of real society. This unique narrative style not only shows the author's deep thinking about the feudal society, but also leaves a deep impression on the readers. 3. Profound ideology: Dream of the Red Chamber contains profound ideology such as "feelings","righteousness","etiquette" and other values, as well as deep thinking about human nature, life, society and other aspects. These ideology have played an important role in the development and enlightenment of ancient Chinese novels. Therefore, the publication of Dream of the Red Chamber marked the maturity of ancient Chinese novels, which not only laid the foundation for the development of ancient Chinese novels, but also had a profound impact on the development of modern literature and thought.
The symbol of the modern Chinese popular novels was that after entering the 20th century, they gradually began to show different narrative methods and aesthetic styles from the traditional novels. In the 1950s, a batch of modern popular novels appeared in China, such as "The Dream of Red Chamber","Flower Moon Mark","Peony Pavilion", etc. They explored modern topics such as human nature, love, marriage, family, etc. based on modern consciousness and aesthetic concepts. They used more vernacular and oral narrative language, paying more attention to the description of characters and the twists and turns of the plot, presenting a new literary form. In the 1980s, modern Chinese popular novels began to flourish, such as Water Margins, Journey to the West, Strange Tales from a Chinese Studio, etc. These works not only borrowed the narrative methods and aesthetic concepts of foreign literature, but also integrated more Chinese cultural elements such as myths and legends, folk stories, historical events, etc., making the works more approachable and attractive. After entering the 21st century, modern Chinese popular novels paid more attention to innovation and constantly explored new narrative methods and aesthetic styles, such as network literature, science fiction, suspense novels, etc., showing a pluralistic development trend. At the same time, these works also began to pay attention to social reality and people's lives, exploring human nature, emotions, family, society and other topics, paying more attention to humane care and the depth of human nature.
The Scream and Hesitation were the beginning of modern Chinese novels and also marked the maturity of modern Chinese novels. Both The Scream and Hesitation are works by Lu Xun. They reveal the dark side of Chinese society, express the pain and dissatisfaction of the people, and show the distortion and contradiction of human nature. They have become the classics of modern Chinese literature and opened the first of the modern and contemporary novels in China. The style of "Scream" and "Hesitation" was relatively fresh and natural, reflecting the style of society and the living conditions of the people at that time, creating the realistic style of modern Chinese novels. 3. Scream and Hesitation have profound thoughts and unique literary value. They have become the cornerstone of modern Chinese literature and have a profound impact on the development of modern Chinese novels. The success of "Scream" and "Hesitation" also laid a solid foundation for the maturity and development of modern and contemporary Chinese novels. They reflected and discussed social problems through novels and constantly opened up and created the field of literature.
The beginning of modern world history is usually marked by the beginning of the exploration of the New World by Spain and Portugal in 1492. This expedition was considered an important event in the process of modern times because it led to the development of European colonization. In the next few decades, European countries began to expand and colonize other regions to establish new countries and empires. This was the beginning of the modern history of the world and one of the basic structures of the modern world.
Scream and Hesitation were the foundational works of modern Chinese novels. The Scream was one of Lu Xun's masterpieces. It described the author's suffering and despair under the feudal system. Through the exposure and criticism of social reality, it expressed the author's hatred and resistance against the feudal system. It was the first of its kind in modern Chinese novels, which marked the beginning of the transformation of modern Chinese novels from traditional literature to modern literature. "Hesitation" was another work of Lu Xun. It described the scene of the protagonist seeking spiritual sustenance in loneliness and confusion. Through the exploration of personal feelings and human nature, it revealed the internal contradictions and weaknesses of human nature in feudal society. It also created the first of its kind in modern Chinese novels, marking the beginning of the development of modern Chinese novels in the direction of depth and breadth. Therefore, as the beginning of modern Chinese novels, Scream and Hesitation not only reflected the reality of the society and the suffering of the people at that time, but also created a precedent for modern Chinese novels and laid the foundation for the development of modern Chinese literature. At the same time, they also deeply reflect the dark side of human nature and the author's resistance to the feudal system, which has a very high artistic value and intellectual value.
Lu Xun's "Scream" and "Hesitation" were the beginning and maturity of modern Chinese novels. The Scream is one of Lu Xun's masterpieces. It tells the story of a young man in Runtu in the first person. Through the description of Runtu's life, psychology and fate, it reveals the darkness of society and the distortion of human nature at that time. The classic plots such as "The Madman's Diary" and "The True Story of Ah Q" in the novel became the classics of modern Chinese novels and had a profound influence on later Chinese novels. "Hesitation" was a story about the love and marriage of two women in the first person. The characters in the novel, such as "A woman without talent is virtuous" and "White Lady", revealed the injustice of society and the distortion of human nature at that time. The novel expressed the author's thoughts and reflections on the society and human nature at that time through the protagonist's inner monologue and side descriptions. The publication of The Scream and Hesitation marked the beginning of modern Chinese novels. At the beginning of the 20th century, Chinese novels experienced the transformation from traditional literature to modern literature. These novels became the representatives of this period and laid the foundation for the development of Chinese novels. The success of The Scream and Hesitation also reflected the current social and cultural situation at that time. In Lu Xun's era, Chinese society was in a period of turmoil and change, and people's hearts were also in unease and confusion. Lu Xun's deep reflection on the society and human nature in the form of novels reflected people's dissatisfaction with reality and hope for the future, which provided important enlightenment for later Chinese novels.
Screams and hesitations were the signs of the beginning and maturity of modern Chinese novels. Shouts and hesitations are the first two theories of modern Chinese literature, which have a profound influence on the development of modern Chinese novels. In a unique way, they showed the various difficulties and contradictions of Chinese society at that time, including poverty, employment, feudalism, imperialism, and so on. These works expressed the author's dissatisfaction and resistance to social reality through the protagonist's shouts and hesitation, becoming the classics of modern Chinese literature. The style of the works of Shout and Hesitation is unique and uses the modern literary techniques. These works often used symbols, metaphor, hints, and other techniques to express the author's views and emotions with profound thoughts and emotions. They also focused on the exploration and description of the characters 'inner hearts, emphasizing the contradictions and struggles in the characters' hearts. These characteristics opened a new chapter for the development of modern Chinese novels. The influence of shouting and hesitation on modern Chinese novels was not only limited to the literary form, but also influenced the ideas and values of modern Chinese novels. They revealed the reality and problems of Chinese society at that time, stimulated people's resistance and fighting spirit, and promoted the development of China's modern process. At the same time, they also influenced the narrative style and emotional expression of modern Chinese novels, providing important enlightenment and reference for later modern Chinese novels. Therefore, shouting and hesitation are the signs of the beginning and maturity of modern Chinese novels. They not only show the development of modern Chinese literature, but also provide important ideas and literary enlightenment for the later modern Chinese novels.