Ancient China Astronomical Instrument
There were many kinds of astronomical instruments in ancient China. The following are some common astronomical instruments: 1. Gubiao : This is a simple and important instrument for measuring the sky. It consists of a vertical watch (usually eight feet high) and a horizontal Gui. Its main function was to determine the location of the winter solstice, and then determine the length of the return year. It could also determine the direction and solar terms by observing the changes in the surface shadow. In the early days, people observed the changing patterns of the shadows of houses and trees, and then erected poles or stone pillars on the flat ground as "watches". They used rulers to measure the length and direction of the shadow to know the time. Later, they placed the stone ruler (Gui) vertically with the watch, and determined the solar term and the length of a year by the length of the shadow on the Gui at noon. The 40-foot-tall platform and the 128-foot-long Sky-measuring Ruler of the Dengfeng Star Observation Platform in Henan Province are huge gnomon. 2. Sundial: Also known as the sundial, it was a timekeeping instrument in ancient China that used the shadow of the sun to measure the time. It was composed of a copper pointer (gnomon needle, also known as a "watch") and a stone disc (gnomon surface). The needle of the dial passed through the center of the disc vertically. The surface of the dial was placed on the stone platform, high in the south and low in the north, parallel to the celestial equator. The upper end of the needle pointed to the North Celestial Pole, and the lower end pointed to the South Celestial Pole. The front and back sides of the sundial were carved with 12 large squares, each representing two hours. When the sun shone on the sundial, the shadow of the gnomon would cast on the surface of the sundial and move with the sun. The shadow of the gnomon was like the hands of a modern clock, and the surface of the sundial was like the surface of a clock to show the time. 3. The armillary sphere was the main instrument used to measure the position of celestial bodies in ancient China. It was modified by Luo Xiahong in the Western Han Dynasty and improved almost every generation. 4. ** Armillary Sphere **: Zhang Heng of the Eastern Han Dynasty created the world's first armillary sphere that used water as its power. 5. ** Simple instrument **: It was created by Guo Shoujing in the Yuan Dynasty. It could observe the entire northern hemisphere sky except for the North Pole. It was a relatively advanced observation instrument in the world at that time. 6. ** High watch, Yang instrument, etc. **: It was also an astronomical instrument created and improved by Guo Shoujing of the Yuan Dynasty. The novel "The Name Engraved in the Stars of Destiny" is equally exciting. Everyone is welcome to click and read it!
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