French literature is an important part of European literature, with its profound thoughts, colorful schools and outstanding. In this review, we will introduce the history, characteristics and main schools of French literature and discuss its influence on world literature. The history of French literature can be traced back to the 16th century, when the rise of the Enlightenment made French literature begin to exchange and compete with the literature of England and other European countries. The 18th century was the heyday of French literature, and many outstanding works such as Baupassant, Dickens, Balzac, etc. appeared. French literature in the 19th century had experienced many fluctuations, but there were still many outstanding ones such as Tolstoy, Maugham, Ernest Hemmingway, etc. After the 20th century, French literature rose again, and many important works such as Mbabpe, Margaret, Calvino, etc. appeared. One of the characteristics of French literature was the variety of schools. There are many different literary schools in France, such as realism, romanticism, symbolism, modernism, post-modernism, etc. These schools of thought formed their unique literary styles and thoughts in different historical periods and cultural backgrounds. Realism and romanticism were the two major traditions of French literature. The former emphasized the revelation of social reality and human nature, while the latter emphasized the expression of emotions and poetry. Another important feature of French literature is its excellence. There were many famous works in France, such as Maupassant, Dickens, Balzac, Tolstoy, Maugham, Margaret, etc. Their works not only had an important position in the French and international literary circles at that time, but also had a profound influence on modern literature and world literature. The influence of French literature on world literature was also very important. French literature not only deeply influenced European literature, but also American literature, African literature, Asian literature and other countries and regions. Many French literary works such as novels, poems, plays, etc. have become an important part of world literature. At the same time, the innovative spirit and practical methods of French literature also had a profound impact on the development of world literature. French literature was an important literary school with a long history, rich and colorful, outstanding, and far-reaching influence on world literature.